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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a bloodborne virus that causes liver inflammation. Many infected individuals show no symptoms at first, but without treatment, the infection can become chronic and lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer over time. The good news is that modern oral antiviral treatments can cure over 95% of patients within a short…

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a virus that primarily targets the liver and may lead to serious chronic conditions such as cirrhosis or liver cancer if left undiagnosed and untreated. Thailand is among the countries with a high prevalence of chronic HBV infection—especially mother-to-child transmission and childhood infections-often without individuals realizing they carry the virus….

Hepatitis A is an infectious disease caused by the Hepatitis A virus (HAV), typically transmitted through contaminated food or water—especially in areas with poor sanitation. Although it does not lead to chronic illness, the infection can still have significant health impacts, particularly for older adults or those with pre-existing liver conditions. This article offers a…

Sexually transmitted infections can present in many forms, and one of the common skin conditions in people living with HIV is PPE (Pruritic Papular Eruption in HIV). This rash is often mistaken for insect bites or allergic reactions, but in reality, it reflects a weakened immune system. This article explains what PPE rash is, how…

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HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) remains one of the most misunderstood health conditions today. Despite major advances in medicine, stigma and fear still persist. The truth is—people living with HIV can lead normal, fulfilling lives, have relationships, build families, and thrive with proper care. This article provides a comprehensive overview of HIV, covering everything from what…

Genital warts are one of the most common sexually transmitted infections, affecting both men and women. They are caused by low-risk types of the human papillomavirus (HPV) and typically appear as small, flesh-colored growths around the genital or anal area. While genital warts are generally not dangerous, they can cause significant emotional and physical discomfort….